Process of making soap



UNITED STATES PAT NT OFFICE.

MICHAEL OHARA, OF BROOKLYN, NElV YORK.

PROCESS OF MAKING SOAP.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 371,093, dated October 4, 1887.

Application filed Jul) 30, 1586. Serial No. 209,551. (Specimens) T0 aZZ whom it may concern.- Be it known that I, .llIIOHAEL OHARA, subject of the Queen of Great Britain, residing in Brooklyn, Kings county, in the State of New York, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Soap, of which the fol lowing is a specification. V

I have discovered means for producing at less cost than the ordinary soaps a hard soapin which a larger proportion of alkali is successfully employed and the coloring material is combined. More important than this, my improved soap Will perform more service than ordinary soap; or, in other words, will last longer, and it will not injure the skin or any garment or fabric to which it may be applied in any quantities. These results are largely due to the use of material not heretofore available without increased expense. I have succeeded in avoiding the difficulties ordinarily experienced in the use of palm-nut oil and cocoanut-oil in consequence of their assuming a ropy condition. By operating in the manner hereinafter set forth these oils can be saponified and made into a perfect soap without increased labor or expense. I will give the details of the steps required and a general out line of the theory.

I will describe the invention as applied to the production of ablue marble-mottled soap, adapted both for toilet and laundry uses.

I take one hundred and twenty-five (125) pounds of cocoanut-oil and a similar quantity of palm-nut oil and heat them with gentle agitation with one hundred (100) pounds of water and one hundred and thirty-five (135) pounds of salt. They will combine and form a thin sirup. To this I add slowly one hundred and twenty-five (125) pounds of bleached palm-oil, two hundred and fifty (250) pounds of cotton-seed oil,and one hundred and twentyfive (125) pounds of clear beef tallow. In a separate vessel I dissolve one hundred and sixty-five (165) pounds of caustic soda in eight hundred (800) pounds of water, and, raising it to about the temperature of the fat compound before described, which may be about 230 Fahrenheit, apply them together and stiruntil the mixture is sap'onified. I then add two hundred and fifty (250) pounds of silicate of soda in its ordinary combination with water in a semi-fluid condition,and a small quantity of water, in which two (2) pounds of ultramarine-blue and two and onehalf (2%) pounds of Venetian red have been dissolved. The mixture is now ready to be drawn out into the frames, where, after standing a sufficient period-preferably eight (8) days-it may be cut up into bars or cakes and stored, transported, and used, like other soap.

The Venetian red as usually found in the market contains grit. the solution of red and blue in water stand until the heavy particles have settled,and then to separate them by decantation, rejecting the grit and using the dissolved portions.

The coloring material may be omitted,ifpreferred; also, the palm-oil may be used without bleaching. I prefer the whole as described.

The soap may be boiled awhile to remove a portion of the water if harder bars or cakes are required.

I am aware that nearly all of these materials have been used in the manufacture of soap. The soda salt (silicate of soda) has been used in smaller quantities. The means described will cause the large quantity named to combine thoroughly and perfectly with the other ingredients. My soap can be made cheaper than the common brown soap by reason of this nearly costless element and the large proportion of cotton seed oil, which is a lowpriced material, while the qualities of my soap compare well with the best soaps known in the market.

Any perfumery may be added, if desired, being introduced in the ordinary manner; but the natural odor of my soap is eminently agreeable.

I claim as my invention 1. The within process of preparing the fatty element of soap, which consists in making an emulsion of oil, salt, and water by heat and agitation and subsequently adding additional vegetable oil and animal oil or tallow, the latter being added slowly after the first have formed an emulsion,substantially as described.

2. The process of making soap, which consists in first making an emulsion of oil, salt,

It is important to let IOG at the same temperature as the emulsion and agitating until saponification is effected, then adding silicate of soda, and, finally, allowing the mass to cool and harden, to be cut into cakes for use, substantially as specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, at New York city, New York, this 27th day of July, 1886, in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

MICHAEL OHARA.

\Vitnesses:

M. F. BOYLE, H. A. JOHNSTONE. 

